Nyaya dzekushandisa dzeOilfield Chemical Additives

Muna 2022, pasinei nekukanganiswa kwedenda reCOVID-19, Northwest Oilfield Well Completion Management Center yakapedza mapurojekiti makumi maviri nemana, anosanganisira michina yekudzora matsime emafuta uye kuchenesa mapaipi emafuta akawanda, zvichideredza mari yekutenga ye13.683 miriyoni yuan.

Munguva yekushandiswa kwemapaipi emafuta, dhayamita yemapaipi inowedzera kutetepa nekuda kwemhedzisiro yewakisi, mapolymer, nemunyu, zvichideredza kuyerera kwemafuta asina kucheneswa uye zvichikanganisa kugadzirwa kwemafuta asina kucheneswa. Nokudaro, makambani ekuchera anowanzo chenesa mapaipi kamwe chete pagore. Mushure mekuchenesa misungo yeweld yemajoini emapaipi, zvinodikanwa kuchenesa mapaipi.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, mapaipi esimbi anoshandiswa semapaipi emafuta ane ngura pamusoro pemukati nekunze. Kana asina kucheneswa, izvi zvinosvibisa mafuta e hydraulic mushure mekushandiswa, zvichikanganisa mashandiro akajairika emidziyo ye hydraulic. Saka, zvinodikanwa kubvisa ngura pamusoro pemukati memapaipi kuburikidza nekusuka neasidhi. Kusuka neasidhi kunogonawo kubvisa ngura pamusoro pekunze kwemapaipi, izvo zvinobatsira pakuisa pendi inodzivirira ngura pamusoro pekunze kwemapaipi, zvichipa dziviriro inogara kwenguva refu yekudzivirira ngura. Kusuka neasidhi kunowanzoitwa uchishandisa mhinduro yeasidhi ine huwandu hwe0% kusvika 15%. Youzhu Company, nekupa zvigadzirwa zvinodzivirira ngura: UZ CI-180, inhibitor yekupisa inodzivisa acidizing corrosion inodzivirira kushandiswa kwemafuta. Mukuita kwekuisa acidizing kana pickling, asidhi ichaparadza simbi, uye pakupisa kwakanyanya, mwero uye huwandu hwengura huchawedzera zvakanyanya, saka, mukugadzirwa kwemafuta, kudzivirira ngura kwepaipi yekupisa kwakanyanya kwakakosha, izvo zvisingangobatanidzi chete nemabhenefiti ekushandiswa kwemafuta, asiwo zvine chekuita nekuchengetedzwa kwekugadzira. Kukura kweasidhi pamapaipi nemidziyo kunoenderana nenguva yekubata, kuwanda kweasidhi uye mamiriro ekupisa, nezvimwewo. UZ CI-180 ine simba rekudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, uye pakupisa kusvika ku350°F (180°C), mhedzisiro yeasidhi pasimbi pakupisa kwakanyanya pasi petsime inogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya nekuwedzera UZ CI-180 kumusanganiswa weasidhi. Youzhu yakagamuchira rumbidzo huru kubva kuNorthwest Oilfield Management Center nekuda kwemapurojekiti ayo ekuchenesa mapaipi, kugadzira mvura yekuboora, uye kugadzirisa michina.

Iri paDong San Road muDongying City, tsime reFengye 1-10HF ndiro tsime rekutanga rakatwasuka remafuta eshale rakapinda nemuchivharo chemazuva makumi maviri chekuboorera, richipedza mazuva makumi maviri nemana nguva isati yakwana. Ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo nhatu dzenyika dzakatenderwa neNational Energy Administration uye ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yenyika yekuratidzira mafuta eshale muChina. Nekupedzisa tsime mazuva makumi maviri nemana nguva isati yakwana, mari inodarika mamiriyoni gumi eyuan yakachengetwa.

Nekuda kwekuva pedyo netsime riri pedyo rakatyoka makiromita mazana mana chete kubva ipapo uye kuva pedyo nemuganhu wematombo ane matombo, tsime reFengye 1-10HF rakasangana nenjodzi dzekupinda kwemvura, kuzara, uye kurasikirwa nemvura. Pamusoro pezvo, tembiricha dzakakwirira pasi petsime dzakakonzera matambudziko kumidziyo yakasiyana-siyana. Chikwata chepurojekiti chakatarisana nekutsigira tekinoroji yeinjiniya uye kugadzirisa matambudziko makuru etekinoroji. Vakagadzirisa zvipingamupinyi zvakatevedzana zvakaita sekuoma kwekufanotaura nzvimbo dzakasimba dzemvura, miganhu yemidziyo pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya, uye kuvapo kwekurasikirwa nemvura inocherwa uye kuyerera kwayo.

Vakagadzira nekushandisa sisitimu yevhu yakagadzirwa nekugadzira kuti iwedzere kuyerera. Pakati peizvi, chinowedzera kuyerera kwemvura yekuchera TF FL WH-1 Cement Fluid-loss Additives, chakagadzirwa naYouzhu chinogona kugadzira firimu remhando yepamusoro pamusoro pegomba reshale, zvichidzivirira kusvina kwemvura yekuchera kuti isapinde muchimiro, TF FL WH-1 yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa mumatsime ane tembiricha dzinotenderera pasi pemaburi (BHCTs) ari pakati pe60℉(15.6℃) kusvika 400℉ (204℃).

TF FL WH-1 inopa API fluid control iri pasi pe36cc/30min uku ichidzora kufamba kwegasi kubva pakuumbwa. Kazhinji 0.6% kusvika 2.0% BWOC inodiwa mumaslurry mazhinji. Inowanzo shandiswa nedosi iri pasi pe0.8% BWOC nokudaro ichidzivirira dura uye ichidzikamisa wellbor. Izvi zvinonyatso vhara maburi eshale nema microfractures, zvichidzivirira drilling fluid filtrate kuti isapinde uye kuderedza kutapurirana kwepore pressure, zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya kudziviswa kwedrilling fluid.

Zvakawanikwa mumunda zvinoratidza kuti mvura inocherwa nemvura inoshanda zvakanyanya inodzivisa kucherwa, inowedzera kumhanya kwekucherwa kwemuchina, inogara kwenguva refu kana tembiricha yakakwira, inodzivirira dziva, uye haina njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza.

Muna Kukadzi 2022, tsime reSinopec reBazhong 1HF, riri mudura remafuta negesi reJurassic river channel, rakapa pfungwa itsva yekugadzira "fracturing, imbibition, uye well shut-in integration". Iyi nzira yakagadzirwa kuti igadzirise hunhu hwematangi ejecha erwizi ane dense uye ma coefficients ekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro. Tekinoroji yekupwanya yakagadziriswa, inosanganisira "kucheka zvakasimba + kuvhara kwechinguvana uye kupatsanurwa + kuwedzera jecha rakasimba + kuwedzera mafuta eimbibition," yakawedzera zvakanyanya kugona kwemafuta negesi pasi pevhu uye yakagadzira modhi itsva yekupwanya, ichipa referensi yekupwanya kukuru kwematsime akatwasuka.

Chinowedzerwa cheYouzhuo chekurasikirwa nemvura inodziya zvakanyanya, chinodzivira mvura inodziya zvakanyanya, uye chinodzora kuyerera kwemvura inodziya zvakanyanya mumvura inodziya zvinokunda matambudziko ekumanikidzwa nekurasikirwa nemvura inodziya zvinokonzerwa nekumanikidzwa kwemapore ekugadzira, kushushikana kwepaburi remvura, uye simba rematombo. Tekinoroji yekudzivira gel yakakosha, yakabva kuSouthwest Petroleum University, inobvumira gel chaiyo kumira kuyerera yega mushure mekupinda muchikamu chekurasikirwa, ichizadza nzvimbo dzakapwanyika nenzvimbo dzisina chinhu, ichigadzira "gel plug" inoparadzanisa mvura inodziya kubva mumvura inodziya. Iyi tekinoroji inoshanda zvikuru pakubuda kwemvura kwakanyanya mumapore akapwanyika, ane maburi, uye akapwanyika nekurasikirwa kwemvura yakawanda uye huwandu hushoma hwekudzoka.

Musi wa30 Chivabvu, 2023, nenguva dza11:46 AM, Tarim Oilfield yeChina National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) yakatanga kuchera patsime reShendi Teke 1, zvichiratidza kutanga kwerwendo rwekutsvaga sainzi yezve geology neinjiniya yakadzika kwazvo pakadzika kusvika pamamita zviuru gumi. Izvi zvinoratidza nguva yenhoroondo yeinjiniya yepasi yakadzika yeChina, zvichiratidza kufambira mberi kukuru muhunyanzvi hwekutsvaga pasi rakadzama renyika uye kutanga kwe "nguva yemamita zviuru gumi" mukugona kuchera.

Mugodhi weShendi Teke 1 uri muShaya County, Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang, pakati peTaklamakan Desert. Ichi chirongwa chakakosha che "deep earth" chakaitwa neCNPC muTarim Oilfield, pedyo nenzvimbo yemafuta negasi yakadzika kwazvo yeFuman, ine kudzika kwemamita 8,000 uye matura ematani bhiriyoni imwe chete. Mugodhi uyu une kudzika kwakagadzirwa kwemamita 11,100 uye nguva yakarongwa yekuchera nekupedzisa yemazuva 457. Musi wa4 Kurume 2024, kudzika kwekuchera kweShendi Teke 1 kwakapfuura mamita 10,000, zvichiita kuti ive tsime rechipiri pasi rose uye rekutanga muAsia rakamira kupfuura kudzika uku. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti China yakakunda yakazvimirira matambudziko ehunyanzvi ane chekuita nekuchera matsime akadzika zvakanyanya ehukuru uhwu.

Kuchera pakadzika kwemamita zviuru gumi ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzakaoma zvikuru muhunyanzvi hwekugadzira mafuta negasi, ine zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvehunyanzvi. Ichi chiratidzo chikuru chehunyanzvi hweinjiniya nehunyanzvi hwemichina yenyika. Vachitarisana nekupisa kwakanyanya uye mamiriro ekumanikidzwa, kufambira mberi kukuru kwakaitwa mukushandisa mvura yekuchera inopisa, mota dzinodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, uye matekinoroji ekuchera akananga. Kubudirira kwakaitwawo mukushandisa midziyo yekubvisa tambo netambo, marori ekupwanya simbi ane simba repamusoro-soro ane simba re175 MPa, uye michina yekupwanya simbi, izvo zvakaedzwa zvinobudirira panzvimbo yacho. Kufambira mberi uku kwakaita kuti pave nehunyanzvi hwakawanda hwakakosha hwekuchera simbi zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira uye kupedzwa kwematsime akadzika zvakanyanya.

Muhurongwa hwemvura yekuboora hunoshandiswa muchirongwa ichi, nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzinopisa zvakanyanya uye dzine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya dzakagadziriswa nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinoderedza kurasikirwa nemvura zvakanyanya uye zvinodzivisa ngura zvinochengetedza hunhu hwakanaka hwe rheological pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye zviri nyore kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa. Zvimwe zvinodzora ivhu zvakawedzerawo kugona kwekubvisa mvura kwezvidimbu zvevhu pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya, zvichivandudza kugona kuchinjika uye kugadzikana kwemvura yekuboora.

Oiri yeJimusar shale ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yekuratidzira mafuta eshale epasi rose muChina, iri kumabvazuva kweJunggar Basin. Inofukidza nzvimbo yemakiromita 1,278 uye ine mari inofungidzirwa kuti inowana matani mabhiriyoni 1.112. Muna 2018, kuvandudzwa kukuru kwemafuta eshale eJimusar kwakatanga. Muchikamu chekutanga, Xinjiang Jimusar National Terrestrial Shale Oil Demonstration Zone yakagadzira matani 315,000 emafuta eshale, zvichiisa rekodhi itsva yenhoroondo. Nzvimbo yekuratidzira iri kukurumidza kuedza kuwedzera mafuta eshale uye kugadzirwa kwawo, nehurongwa hwekupedzisa matsime zana ekuchera uye matsime zana negumi ekuparara panosvika gore ra2024.

Oiri yeShale, iyo iri mudombo reshale kana mukati memupata wayo, ndeimwe yemhando dzakaoma zvikuru dzemafuta ekubvisa. Xinjiang ine mafuta akawanda eshale ane mikana yakakura yekutsvaga nekuvandudza. China yakaona mafuta eshale senzvimbo yakakosha yekutsiva mafuta mune ramangwana. Wu Chengmei, mainjiniya wechipiri paGeological Research Center yeJiqing Oilfield Operations Area muXinjiang Oilfield, anotsanangura kuti mafuta eshale eJimusar anowanzo vigwa pasi pevhu anopfuura mamita 3,800. Kuvigwa kwakadzika uye kuyerera kwakaderera kunoita kuti kuburitswa kuve kwakaoma sekubvisa mafuta kubva padombo rewhetstone.

Kugadzirwa kwemafuta emugodhi weshale muChina kunowanzo sangana nematambudziko mana makuru: chekutanga, mafuta acho anorema, zvichiita kuti aome kuyerera; chechipiri, nzvimbo dzinonaka idiki uye dzakaoma kufanotaura; chechitatu, huwandu hwakawanda hwevhu hunoita kuti kupwanyika kuve kwakaoma; chechina, kupararira kwacho hakuna kurongeka, uye kunoita kuti mashandiro acho ave akaoma. Zvinhu izvi zvakagara zvichitadzisa kukura kwemafuta emugodhi weshale muChina kwakakura uye kwakanaka. Muchirongwa ichi, kurapa kupwanyika kwemvura, chimwe chinhu chitsva chinoshandiswa kuderedza kusvibiswa uye kudzokorodza mvura, kuchidzosa kuita mvura yekupwanyika kuti ishandiswezve. Nzira iyi yakaedzwa pamatsime mapfumbamwe muna 2023 nemigumisiro yakanaka. Kubva muna Chikumi 2024, chirongwa ichi chinoronga kushandisa mvura yekupwanyika yakagadzirwazve mukushanda kwekupwanyika kukuru.

Kuumbwa kukuru kweprojekiti iyi kunosanganisira misono yemarasha, zvikamu zvegrey nebrown zvematombo evhu, izvo zvinonzwa mvura. MuJimusar shale oil block, chikamu chegomba rakavhurika chetsime rechipiri chakareba, uye nguva yekunyorova inoramba ichiwedzerwa. Kana matope emvura akashandiswa, kudonha nekusagadzikana zvinogona kuitika, asi mvura yekuboorera inobva mumafuta haakonzeri migumisiro yemvura. Mvura yekuboorera inobva mumafuta mumvura, kana yakagadzikana, haikonzeriwo mhedzisiro yemvura, saka mvura yekuboorera inobva mumafuta haite kuti pave nekumanikidzwa kwemvura. Tsvagiridzo yakatungamira pakushandiswa kwesystem yematope inobva mumafuta, ine misimboti yekudzivirira kuputsika uye zviyero zvinotevera: 1. Kudziviswa kwemakemikari: Kudzora chiyero chemafuta nemvura chiri pamusoro pe80:20 kuderedza kupinda kwemvura muchimiro, kudzivirira kuzvimba nekuputsika kwemisono yemarasha uye mafomu anonzwa mvura zvakanyanya. 2. Kuvhara muviri: Kuwedzera zvinhu zvinorema senge calcium pachine nguva mumafomu asina simba kuti kuwedzere kugona kwekutakura kumanikidzwa uye kudzivirira kudonha kwetsime. 3. Rutsigiro rwemakanika: Kudzora huwandu hwezvinhu pamusoro pe1.52g/cm³, kuwedzera huwandu hwezvinhu zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika pamuganho wekugadzira we1.58g/cm³ muchikamu chekuvaka. Zvinhu zvinorema zvinogadzirwa neYouzhu Company zvinogona kuita zvinodiwa, zvichiita kuti mapurojekiti ekuboora nekupedza matsime apedzwe zvakanaka uye zvinobudirira.