Ibyumba byo gushyiramo imiti yo mu bwoko bwa Oilfield Chemical

Mu 2022, mu gihe cy’ingaruka z’icyorezo cya COVID-19, Ikigo gishinzwe gucunga ibyangiritse by’amapine y’Amajyaruguru cyarangije imishinga 24, irimo ibikoresho byo kugenzura amapine y’amapine n’isukura imiyoboro ikomeye y’amapine y’amapine, bikagabanya amafaranga yo kugura angana na miliyoni 13.683 z’amayuan.

Mu gihe cyo gukoresha imiyoboro y'amavuta, umurambararo w'imiyoboro urushaho kuba muto bitewe n'ingaruka z'ibishashara, polima n'umunyu, bigabanya urujya n'uruza rw'amavuta mabi kandi bigira ingaruka ku musaruro w'amavuta mabi. Kubwibyo, amasosiyete acukura muri rusange asukura imiyoboro rimwe mu mwaka. Nyuma yo gutunganya imiyoboro y'imiyoboro, ni ngombwa gusukura imiyoboro.

Muri rusange, imiyoboro y'icyuma ikoreshwa nk'imiyoboro y'amavuta igira ingese ku buso bw'imbere n'inyuma. Iyo idasukuwe, ibi bizanduza amavuta ya hydraulic nyuma yo gukoreshwa, bigagira ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe y'ibikoresho bya hydraulic. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gukuraho ingese ku buso bw'imbere bw'imiyoboro binyuze mu koza aside. Koza aside bishobora kandi gukuraho ingese ku buso bw'inyuma bw'imiyoboro, bikaba ingirakamaro mu gushyira irangi rirwanya ingese ku buso bw'inyuma bw'imiyoboro, bigatanga uburinzi burambye bwo kurwanya ingese. Koza aside muri rusange bikorwa hakoreshejwe umuti wa aside ufite igipimo cya 0% kugeza kuri 15%. Youzhu Company, itanga ibikoresho bigabanya ingese: UZ CI-180, umuti ugabanya ingese urwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi wo gukoresha mu koza aside. Mu gihe cyo koza aside cyangwa gukamura, aside izangiza icyuma, kandi ku bushyuhe bwinshi, igipimo n'urwego rwa ingese biziyongera cyane, bityo, mu koza peteroli, gukumira ingese ku muyoboro ushyushye cyane ni ingenzi cyane, bitajyanye gusa n'inyungu zo gukoresha peteroli, ahubwo binafitanye isano ya hafi n'umutekano w'umusaruro. Ingano y’isuri ya aside ku miyoboro n’ibikoresho iterwa n’igihe cyo gukorana, ubwinshi bw’aside n’imiterere y’ubushyuhe, nibindi. UZ CI-180 ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi ku bushyuhe bugera kuri 350°F (180°C), ingaruka za aside ku byuma ku bushyuhe bwinshi munsi y’iriba zishobora kugabanuka cyane iyo wongeyeho UZ CI-180 ku ruvange rw’aside. Youzhu yahawe ishimwe rikomeye n’Ikigo gishinzwe gucunga amavuta cya Northwest Oilfield kubera imishinga yayo yo gusukura imiyoboro, gucukura amazi, no kubungabunga ibikoresho.

Iriba rya Fengye 1-10HF riherereye ku muhanda wa Dong San mu Mujyi wa Dongying, ni ryo riba rya mbere ritambitse rya peteroli ya shale ryanyuze mu ruzitiro rw'iminsi 20 yo gucukura, rirangiza iminsi 24 mbere y'igihe cyari giteganyijwe. Ni rimwe mu turere dutatu tw'igihugu tw'icyitegererezo cya peteroli ya shale twemewe n'Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe Ingufu n'akarere ka mbere k'igihugu k'icyitegererezo cya peteroli ya shale yo ku mugabane w'Ubushinwa. Mu kurangiza iriba iminsi 24 mbere y'igihe cyari giteganyijwe, hagabanutse amafaranga arenga miliyoni 10 z'amayuan mu mafaranga yakoreshejwe.

Bitewe n'uko iriba rya Fengye 1-10HF ryari ryegereye iriba ryacitsemo ibice mu metero 400 gusa kandi rikaba ryegereye umupaka w'amabuye y'agaciro, iriba rya Fengye 1-10HF ryahuye n'ibyago byo kwinjira mu mazi, kuzura no gutakaza amazi. Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo hasi ku iriba bwateje imbogamizi ku bikoresho bitandukanye. Itsinda ry'umushinga ryibanze ku gushyigikira ikoranabuhanga no gukemura ibibazo by'ingenzi by'ikoranabuhanga. Bakemuye ibibazo bikurikirana nko kugorwa no kumenya ahantu hatandukanye cyane, imbogamizi z'ibikoresho mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi, ndetse no kubaho kw'amazi yo gucukura no gutakaza amazi.

Bakoze kandi bakoresha uburyo bwo gukora ibumba bushingiye ku byuma bikozwe mu buryo bwa sintetike kugira ngo bongere ubushyuhe. Muri ibyo, inyongeramusaruro y’amazi yo gucukura TF FL WH-1 Sima, yakozwe na Youzhu ishobora gukora firime nziza ku buso bw’aho amazi yo gucukura yinjira, TF FL WH-1 yagenewe gukoreshwa mu myobo ifite ubushyuhe bwo hasi (BHCTs) muri dogere 60 (15.6℃) kugeza 400℉ (204℃).

TF FL WH-1 itanga uburyo bwo kugenzura igihombo cy'amazi ya API kiri munsi ya 36cc/iminota 30 mu gihe igenzura imyuka iva mu miterere yayo. Muri rusange BWOC 0.6% kugeza kuri 2.0% irakenewe mu byuma byinshi. Akenshi ikoreshwa ku gipimo kiri munsi ya 0.8% bya BWOC bityo ikarinda ikigega no gutuza ikigega. Ibi bifunga neza imyenge y'umukara n'udusimba duto, bikarinda ko amazi yo gucukura yinjira no kugabanya umuvuduko w'umuyoboro w'amazi, bikongera cyane uburyo amazi yo gucukura ahagarara.

Ibisubizo by’ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu murima bigaragaza ko amazi yo gucukura akoresha amazi meza cyane agabanya umuvuduko wo gucukura, yongera umuvuduko wo gucukura hakoreshejwe imashini, ihamye mu bushyuhe bwinshi, irinda ikigega, kandi ikaba irinda ibidukikije.

Muri Gashyantare 2022, iriba rya Sinopec rya Bazhong 1HF, riri mu kigega cy’amabuye y’umucanga n’amabuye y’umucanga cya Jurassic River, ryatanze igitekerezo gishya cyo gushushanya "gucikamo ibice, kuzura, no gufunga amazi". Ubu buryo bwateguwe kugira ngo bukemure imiterere y’ibigega by’amabuye y’umucanga by’umucanga n’ibipimo by’umuvuduko mwinshi. Ikoranabuhanga ryoroshye ryo gucikamo ibice, ririmo "gukata cyane + kuziba by’agateganyo no kuziba + kongeramo umucanga mwinshi + kongeramo amavuta y’umucanga," ryongereye cyane ubushobozi bwo gutembera kwa peteroli na gaze munsi y’ubutaka kandi rishyiraho uburyo bushya bwo gucikamo ibice, butanga icyerekezo cyo gucikamo ibice binini by’amazi atambitse.

Inyongeramusaruro ya Youzhuo yo gutakaza amazi mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ikoreshwa mu kuziba amazi mu bushyuhe bwinshi, hamwe n'uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwinshi mu mazi acikagurika bitsinda imbogamizi z'umuvuduko n'amazi acika bitewe n'umuvuduko w'imyenge, imbaraga z'imiyoboro y'amazi, n'imbaraga z'amabuye. Ikoranabuhanga ryihariye ryo kuziba amazi mu mazi, rikomoka muri Kaminuza ya Southwest Petroleum, ryemerera gel yihariye guhagarika gutemba nyuma yo kwinjira mu gice cy'imyenge, kuzuza imvune n'ahantu h'ubusa, gukora "gel plug" itandukanya amazi yo kuziba amazi mu mazi acikagurika. Iri koranabuhanga rigira akamaro cyane mu kuzana amazi menshi mu miyoboro yacitse, ifite imyenge, n'iyacitsemo ibice, bigatuma amazi agabanuka cyane kandi ntagaruke cyane.

Ku ya 30 Gicurasi 2023, saa 11:46 za mu gitondo, ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe peteroli cya Tarim cya CNPC cyatangiye gucukura ku iriba rya Shendi Teke 1, bigaragaza intangiriro y’urugendo rwo gushakisha ubumenyi bw’ubutaka n’ubw’ubuhanga bwimbitse cyane mu bujyakuzimu bugera kuri metero 10.000. Ibi bigaragaza ibihe by’amateka ku buhanga bw’ubutaka bwimbitse bw’Ubushinwa, bigaragaza iterambere rikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura ubutaka bwimbitse mu gihugu ndetse n’intangiriro y’ "igihe cya metero 10.000" mu bushobozi bwo gucukura.

Iriba rya Shendi Teke 1 riherereye mu Karere ka Shaya, mu Ntara ya Aksu, muri Xinjiang, mu mutima w'Ubutayu bwa Taklamakan. Ni "umushinga w'ubutaka bwimbitse" wa CNPC mu Kigo cy'Amavuta cya Tarim, hafi y'agace ka Fuman gafite ubujyakuzimu bwa metero 8.000 n'ububiko bwa toni miliyari imwe. Iriba rifite ubujyakuzimu bwa metero 11.100 n'igihe giteganyijwe cyo gucukura no kurangiza cy'iminsi 457. Ku ya 4 Werurwe 2024, ubujyakuzimu bwa Shendi Teke 1 bwarenze metero 10.000, bituma riba iriba rya kabiri ku isi kandi rya mbere rihagaze muri Aziya rirenze ubujyakuzimu. Iki gikorwa kigaragaza ko Ubushinwa bwatsinze ku buryo bwigenga imbogamizi za tekiniki zijyanye no gucukura amariba afite ubujyakuzimu bwinshi cyane.

Gucukura mu bujyakuzimu bwa metero 10.000 ni kimwe mu bintu bigoye cyane mu ikoranabuhanga rya peteroli na gaze, hamwe n'imbogamizi nyinshi za tekiniki. Ni kandi ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'ubushobozi bw'ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi mu gihugu. Mu gihe habayeho ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko, hatewe intambwe ikomeye mu gucukura amazi ashyushye cyane, moteri zirwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura mu cyerekezo. Habayeho kandi iterambere mu gupima no gufata insinga, amakamyo acukura amazi ashyushye cyane afite ubushobozi bwa 175 MPa, n'ibikoresho by'amazi ashyushye, byageragejwe neza aho hantu. Iri terambere ryatumye hashyirwaho ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi rigamije gucukura mu buryo bwizewe kandi bunoze no kurangiza amariba y'amazi ashyushye cyane.

Mu buryo bwo gucukura amazi bwakoreshejwe muri uyu mushinga, ibidukikije byihariye bikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi byakemuwe, hashyirwaho uburyo bwo kugabanya igihombo cy'amazi n'ibikoresho bigabanya ingese bikomeza imiterere myiza ya rheological mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi byoroshye kubikosora no kubibungabunga. Inyongeramusaruro zo mu ibumba zongereye ubushobozi bwo gukura amazi mu bice by'ibumba mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane, binongera ubushobozi bwo guhuza no guhagarara kw'amazi mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Peteroli ya Jimusar ni yo ya mbere mu Bushinwa mu karere k’igihugu k’Ubushinwa gakorerwamo igerageza ryo kugurisha peteroli ya shale ku butaka, gaherereye mu burasirazuba bw’ikibaya cya Junggar. Gafite ubuso bwa kilometero kare 1.278 kandi gafite umutungo ubarirwa muri toni miliyari 1.112. Mu 2018, hatangiye iterambere rikomeye rya peteroli ya Jimusar. Mu gihembwe cya mbere, agace k’igihugu k’igerageza rya peteroli ya shale gafite toni 315.000 za peteroli ya shale, gashyiraho amateka mashya. Agace k’igerageza karimo kwihutisha ibikorwa byo kongera ububiko n’umusaruro wa peteroli ya shale, hagateganywa kurangiza amariba 100 yo gucukura n’amariba 110 yo gucukura bitarenze 2024.

Amavuta ya Shale, afatanye n'urutare rwa Shale cyangwa mu myobo yarwo, ni bumwe mu bwoko bw'amavuta bugoye cyane gucukurwa. Xinjiang ifite umutungo mwinshi wa peteroli ya Shale hamwe n'amahirwe menshi yo gushakisha no guteza imbere. Ubushinwa bwagaragaje ko umutungo wa peteroli ya Shale ari ingenzi mu gusimbuza peteroli mu gihe kizaza. Wu Chengmei, injeniyeri wungirije mu Kigo cy'Ubushakashatsi ku bya Jewolojiya cy'Akarere ka Jiqing mu Kigo cy'Amavuta cya Xinjiang, asobanura ko peteroli ya Shale ya Jimusar muri rusange ishyingurwa munsi y'ubutaka metero zirenga 3.800. Gupfuka cyane no kutagira amazi menshi bituma gucukura bigorana nk'uko gucukura peteroli mu ibuye ry'umuheto.

Iterambere rya peteroli y’umukara mu Bushinwa muri rusange rihura n’imbogamizi enye zikomeye: icya mbere, peteroli iremereye cyane, bigatuma igorana gutemba; icya kabiri, utudomo duto kandi bigoye kumenya; icya gatatu, ingano y’ibumba rinini ituma gucikamo ibice bigorana; icya kane, ikwirakwizwa ryayo ntirihuza, kandi rigora imikorere. Ibi bintu byamaze igihe kinini bibuza iterambere rinini kandi ryiza rya peteroli y’umukara mu Bushinwa. Muri uwo mushinga, kugira ngo havurwe amazi yo gucikamo ibice, inyongera nshya ikoreshwa mu kugabanya umwanda no kongera gukoresha amazi, ikongera gukoreshwa mu gucikamo ibice kugira ngo yongere gukoreshwa. Ubu buryo bwageragejwe ku mariba icyenda mu 2023, maze umusaruro uba mwiza. Guhera muri Kamena 2024, umushinga urateganya gukoresha amazi yo gucikamo ibice yavuguruwe mu gikorwa cyo gucikamo ibice kinini.

Imiterere y'ingenzi y'umushinga igizwe n'imirongo y'amakara, ibice by'ivu n'ibimera by'umukara, ari byo byinjirira mu mazi. Mu gice cy'amavuta ya Jimusar shale, igice cy'umwobo ufunguye cy'iriba rya kabiri ni kirekire, kandi igihe cyo kurohama kirakongerwa. Iyo hakoreshejwe icyondo gishingiye ku mazi, birashoboka ko gusenyuka no kudahindagurika, ariko amazi yo gucukura ashingiye ku mavuta ntabwo atera ingaruka z'amazi. Amazi yo gucukura mu mazi akoresha amavuta, iyo ahamye, ntabwo atera ingaruka z'amazi, bityo amazi yo gucukura ashingiye ku mavuta ntabwo atera kubyimba kw'amazi. Ubushakashatsi bwatumye hashyirwaho uburyo bwo gucukura mu mavuta, bufite amahame n'ibipimo bikurikira: 1. Kubuza imiti: Kugenzura igipimo cy'amazi kiri hejuru ya 80:20 kugira ngo bigabanye kwinjira mu gice cy'amazi, birinda kubyimba no gusenyuka kw'imirongo y'amakara n'imirongo ishobora kwangirika cyane. 2. Gufunga umubiri: Kongeramo ibintu bipima uburemere nka kalisiyumu mbere y'igihe mu miterere idakomeye kugira ngo hongerwe ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuvuduko w'amazi no gukumira kumanuka kw'imirongo. 3. Inkunga ya mekanike: Kugenzura ubucucike buri hejuru ya 1.52g/cm³, buhoro buhoro byongera ubucucike kugeza ku gipimo ntarengwa cya 1.58g/cm³ mu gice cyo kubaka. Ibikoresho byo gupima uburemere byakozwe na Youzhu Company bishobora kugera ku musaruro wifuza, bigatuma imishinga yo gucukura no kurangiza amariba irangira neza kandi neza.