Ngwa ihe mgbakwunye kemịkalụ Oilfield

Na 2022, n'ihu mmetụta nke ọrịa COVID-19, Northwest Oilfield Well Completion Management Center rụchara ọrụ 24, gụnyere akụrụngwa na-achịkwa nke ọma mmanụ na ihicha ọkpọkọ mmanụ dị arọ, na-echekwa ọnụ ahịa ịzụta nke 13.683 nde yuan.

Mgbe a na-eji ọkpọkọ mmanụ eme ihe, dayameta ọkpọkọ na-adịwanye warara n'ihi mmetụta nke wax, polymers, na salts, na-ebelata mmanụ crude na-emetụta mmepụta mmanụ. Ya mere, ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta ihe na-ehicha ọkpọkọ otu ugboro n'afọ. Mgbe ị gwọchara eriri weld nke nkwonkwo ọkpọkọ, ọ dị mkpa iji kpochapụ ọkpọkọ.

N'ozuzu ọnọdụ, ígwè ọkpọkọ eji dị ka mmanụ ọkpọkọ nwere nchara n'ime ma n'elu elu. Ọ bụrụ na emeghị ka ọ dị ọcha, nke a ga-emerụ mmanụ hydraulic mgbe ejiri ya, na-emetụta ọrụ nkịtị nke ngwaọrụ hydraulic. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa iji wepụ nchara n'elu ime nke ọkpọkọ site na ịsacha acid. Ịsacha acid nwekwara ike wepụ nchara n'elu elu nke ọkpọkọ, nke bara uru maka itinye ihe mgbochi nchara n'èzí nke ọkpọkọ, na-enye nchebe na-adịgide adịgide na-adịgide adịgide. A na-asachapụ acid site na iji ngwọta acid na ntinye nke 0% ruo 15%. Youzhu Company, site n'inye corrosion inhibitor ngwaahịa: UZ CI-180, a elu okpomọkụ na-eguzogide acidizing corrosion inhibitor maka oilfield. Na usoro nke acidizing ma ọ bụ pickling, acid ga-emebi ígwè, na na okpomọkụ dị elu, ọnụ ọgụgụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke corrosion ga-abawanye nke ukwuu, ya mere, na mmepụta mmanụ, mgbochi corrosion nke ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ dị oke mkpa. nke na-abụghị nanị metụtara uru nke nrigbu mmanụ, kamakwa ọ na-ejikọta ya na nchekwa nchekwa mmepụta. Ogo nke acid ozize na pipelines na ngwá ọrụ na-adabere na oge kọntaktị, acid ịta na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, wdg UZ CI-180 nwere magburu onwe elu okpomọkụ iguzogide, na okpomọkụ ruo 350 ° F (180 ° C), na corrosion. mmetụta acid na ígwè na okpomọkụ dị elu na ala nke olulu mmiri nwere ike ibelata nke ukwuu site n'ịgbakwunye UZ CI-180 na ngwakọta acid. Youzhu enwetala nkwanye ugwu dị elu site na Northwest Oilfield Management Center maka ọrụ ya na ihicha ọkpọkọ, imepụta mmiri mmiri, na ndozi akụrụngwa.

N'ịbụ nke dị na Dong San Road na Dongying City, Fengye 1-10HF olulu mmiri bụ olulu mmiri shale nke mbụ na-agbaji n'ime ihe mgbochi okirikiri nke ụbọchị 20, na-emecha ụbọchị 24 tupu oge eruo. Ọ bụ otu n'ime mpaghara ngosi ngosi mmanụ shale atọ nke National Energy Administration kwadoro yana mpaghara ngosipụta mba mbụ maka mmejọ basin shale mmanụ na China. Site n'imezu olulu mmiri ahụ ụbọchị 24 tupu oge a na-eme atụmatụ, echekwara ihe karịrị nde yuan 10 na ọnụ ahịa.

N'ihi ịdị nso na olulu mmiri dị nso na-agbajikwa naanị 400 mita site na ịdị nso na oke nkume gravel, Fengye 1-10HF chere ihe ize ndụ nke ntinye mmiri, oke mmiri, na mfu mmiri. Na mgbakwunye, oke okpomọkụ dị na ala nke ọma na-ebute ihe ịma aka nye ngwa dị iche iche. Ndị otu ọrụ ahụ lekwasịrị anya na nkwado teknụzụ injinịa na imegide isi okwu teknụzụ. Ha ji nwayọọ nwayọọ dozie ihe mgbochi ndị dị ka ihe isi ike dị n'ịkọ ebe dị ụtọ dị iche iche dị iche iche, njedebe nke ngwá ọrụ n'okpuru okpomọkụ dị elu na nrụgide, na ịdị n'otu nke mfu mmiri na ntinye.

Ha mepụtara ma tinye usoro apịtị sitere na sịntetik iji meziwanye mmiri. N'ime ndị a, ihe mgbakwunye mmiri mmiri na-egwupụta ihe ugbu a TF FL WH-1 Cement Fluid-loss Additives, nke Youzhu mepụtara nwere ike mepụta ihe nkiri dị elu n'elu olulu mmiri shale, na-egbochi ntinye mmiri mmiri ịbanye n'usoro, TF FL WH- 1 e mere maka ojiji na olulu mmiri na ala-oghere ekesa okpomọkụ (BHCTs) na 60℉ (15.6℃) ka 400℉ (204℃).

TF FL WH-1 na-enye njikwa mfu mmiri API n'okpuru 36cc/30min ka ị na-achịkwa mbugharị gas site na nhazi ahụ. N'ozuzu, 0.6% ruo 2.0% BWOC chọrọ n'ọtụtụ slurries. A na-ejikarị ya na usoro onunu ogwu nke na-erughị 0.8% BWOC si otú a na-echebe ebe nchekwa na ịkwado olulu mmiri. Nke a na-emechi pores shale na microfractures nke ọma, na-egbochi mmiri ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri ịwakpo ma na-ebelata nnyefe nke nrụgide pore, na-eme ka mgbochi nke mmiri na-egwupụta ihe.

Nsonaazụ ngwa ubi na-egosi na mmiri mmiri na-arụ ọrụ dị elu nke na-eme ka mmiri na-eme ka mmiri dị elu na-egbochi ya, na-eme ka ọsọ nke ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri dị elu, kwụsiri ike na okpomọkụ dị elu, na-echebe ebe nchekwa mmiri, ma bụrụ enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi.

N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2022, olulu mmiri Sinopec's Bazhong 1HF, nke dị na mmiri Jurassic osimiri sandstone mmanụ na nchekwa gas, tụpụtara n'ụzọ ọhụrụ nke "ịgbajie, nhụsianya na mmechi nke ọma" na-emebi echiche imewe. Emepụtara usoro a iji leba anya n'àgwà nke nnukwu mmiri mmiri ájá ájá na nrụnye nrụgide dị elu. Teknụzụ agbaji agbaji kachasị mma, nke gụnyere “mbelata siri ike + nkwụnye nwa oge na ntụgharị + mgbakwunye ájá dị elu + nkwalite mmanụ imbibition,” kwalitere ike nke mmanụ na gas n'okpuru ala ma guzobe ụdị mgbawa ọhụrụ, na-enye ntụaka maka nnukwu- ọnụ ọgụgụ mgbaji nke olulu mmiri kwụ ọtọ.

Ihe mgbakwunye mmiri mmiri dị elu nke Youzhuo, ihe nkwụnye ọkụ na-egbochi ndakpọ okpomoku dị elu, yana ụdị okpomọkụ dị elu na mmiri na-agbaji na-emeri nrụgide na ihe ịma aka ọnwụ mmiri nke kpatara nrụgide pore, nrụgide nke ọma, na ike nkume. Teknụzụ gel plugging pụrụ iche, nke sitere na Mahadum Southwest Petroleum, na-enye ohere ka gel pụrụ iche kwụsị na-akpaghị aka mgbe ọ banyere n'ụkpụrụ ọnwụ, na-ejuputa mgbaji na oghere oghere, na-akpụ “plọgụ gel” nke na-ekewapụta mmiri n'ime ime site na mmiri mmiri. Teknụzụ a na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma maka mgbawa siri ike na njiri agbajiri agbaji, nke gbajiri agbaji, na nke gbajiri agbaji nwere nnukwu mfu mmiri yana obere nloghachi.

Na Mee 30, 2023, n'elekere 11:46 nke ụtụtụ, Tarim Oilfield nke China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) malitere igwu mmiri n'olulu mmiri Shendi Teke 1, na-egosi mmalite nke njem iji nyochaa sayensị mbara ala na injinia dị omimi na omimi iru. 10,000 mita. Nke a na-egosi oge akụkọ ihe mere eme maka injinia miri emi nke China, na-egosi ọganihu dị ukwuu na nkà na ụzụ nyocha ụwa dị omimi nke obodo na mmalite nke "oge 10,000-mita" n'ikike mkpọpu mmiri.

Mmiri Shendi Teke 1 dị na Shaya County, Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang, na obi nke Ọzara Taklamakan. Ọ bụ nnukwu "ọrụ ụwa miri emi" site na CNPC na Tarim Oilfield, n'akụkụ mpaghara Fuman ultra-deep mmanụ na gas, nke nwere omimi nke mita 8,000 na ihe dị otu ijeri tọn. Olulu mmiri a nwere omimi nke 11,100 mita a haziri yana oge igwu mmiri na imecha ya bụ ụbọchị 457. Na Maachị 4, 2024, ogbugba ogbugba nke Shendi Teke 1 karịrị mita 10,000, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nke abụọ n'ụwa na olulu mmiri kwụ ọtọ nke Asia nke karịrị omimi a. Ihe omume a dị ịrịba ama na-egosi na China ejirila onwe ya merie ihe ịma aka teknụzụ metụtara igwu olulu mmiri dị omimi nke oke a.

Ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri n'ime omimi nke mita 10,000 bụ otu n'ime ubi kacha sie ike na teknụzụ injinịa mmanụ na gas, nke nwere ọtụtụ ọkpọ ọrụ nka. Ọ bụkwa isi ihe na-egosi teknụzụ injinia na ike akụrụngwa obodo. N'ịnọgide na-eche ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị oke ala na ọnọdụ nrụgide ihu, ọganihu dị ịrịba ama na mmiri mmiri na-egwupụta okpomọkụ, moto na-eguzogide okpomọkụ, na teknụzụ ntụziaka ntụziaka. E nwetakwara ọganiihu n'ime ihe nlere bụ isi na akụrụngwa igbutu eriri, gwongworo ndị na-agbaji agbaji nke ukwuu nwere ikike 175 MPa, na akụrụngwa mmiri na-agbaji, bụ nke a nwalere nke ọma na saịtị. Mmepe ndị a butere n'ichepụta ọtụtụ teknụzụ dị oke egwu maka igwu ala dị mma na nke ọma na imecha olulu mmiri dị omimi.

N'ime usoro mmiri mmiri na-egwupụta ihe na-arụ ọrụ a, a na-edozi kpọmkwem okpomọkụ dị elu, gburugburu ebe nrụgide dị elu na mmepe nke ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na ihe mgbochi corrosion na-ejigide ihe ndị dị mma nke rheological n'okpuru okpomọkụ dị elu ma dị mfe ịhazi na ịnọgide na-enwe. Ihe mgbakwunye na-achịkwa ụrọ na-eme ka ike dewatering nke ụrọ dị n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị oke elu, na-eme ka mgbanwe na nkwụsi ike nke mmiri mmiri na-egwupụta ihe.

Mmanụ Jimusar shale bụ mpaghara ngosipụta mmanụ ala shale nke mba mbụ nke China, nke dị na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Jungar Basin. Ọ na-ekpuchi mpaghara nke square kilomita 1,278 ma nwee atụmatụ nchekwa akụrụngwa nke ijeri tọn 1.112. Na 2018, nnukwu mmepe nke Jimusar shale mmanụ malitere. N'ime nkeji mbụ, mpaghara Xinjiang Jimusar National Terrestrial Shale Oil Demonstration Mpaghara wepụtara 315,000 tọn mmanụ shale, na-edekọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ọhụrụ. Mpaghara ngosi a na-eme ngwa ngwa ịkwalite nchekwa na mmepụta mmanụ shale, na-atụ anya imecha olulu mmiri 100 na olulu mmiri 110 na-agbaji n'afọ 2024.

Mmanụ shale, nke bụ mmanụ a na-etinye na nkume shale ma ọ bụ n'ime mgbawa ya, bụ otu n'ime ụdị mmanụ kacha sie ike ịchọta. Xinjiang nwere akụ mmanụ shale bara ụba nke nwere atụmanya sara mbara maka nyocha na mmepe. China achọpụtala akụ mmanụ shale dị ka ebe bụ isi maka nnọchi mmanụ n'ọdịnihu. Wu Chengmei, onye injinia nke abụọ na Geological Research Center of Jiqing Oilfield Operations Area na Xinjiang Oilfield, na-akọwa na a na-elikarị mmanụ Jimusar shale ihe karịrị mita 3,800 n'okpuru ala. The miri olili na karịsịa ala permeability na-eme mmịpụta dị ka ihe ịma aka dị ka iwepụta mmanụ si a whetstone.

Mmụba mmanụ terrestrial shale nke China na-eche nnukwu ihe ịma aka anọ ihu: nke mbụ, mmanụ ahụ dị arọ, na-eme ka ọ sie ike ịgbasa; nke abụọ, ebe ndị na-atọ ụtọ dị ntakịrị ma sie ike ịkọ; nke atọ, ụrọ dị elu na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ sie ike; nke anọ, nkesa na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ, na-arụ ọrụ mgbagwoju anya. Ihe ndị a egbochiwo ogologo oge na nnukwu mmepe nke mmanụ shale terrestrial na China. N'ime oru ngo a, iji gwọọ mmiri mmiri na-agbaji agbaji, a na-eji ihe mgbakwunye ọhụrụ belata mmetọ ma megharịa mmiri ahụ, na-atụgharị ya azụ n'ime mmiri na-agbaji agbaji maka ojiji ọzọ. A nwalere usoro a n'olulu mmiri itoolu na 2023 nwere nsonaazụ mara mma. N'ime ọnwa Juun 2024, oru ngo a na-ezube iji mmiri na-agbaji agbaji agbaji agbaji na nnukwu ọrụ mgbaji.

Isi nhazi nke oru ngo a na-agụnye coal seams, akụkụ isi awọ na agba aja aja, nke bụ nhazi nke mmiri. Na ngọngọ mmanụ Jimusar shale, akụkụ oghere oghere nke olulu mmiri nke abụọ dị ogologo, na oge nhazi oge na-agbatị. Ọ bụrụ na a na-eji apịtị mmiri eme ihe, ọ ga-abụ na ọ ga-adaba na enweghị ntụkwasị obi, mana mmiri na-egwupụta mmanụ anaghị akpata mmetụta hydration. Mmiri emulsion nke mmanụ n'ime mmiri, mgbe ọ kwụsiri ike, adịghịkwa ebute mmetụta hydration, ya mere mmiri mmiri na-agbanye mmanụ anaghị emepụta nrụgide nrịba mmiri. Nnyocha emela ka a nabata usoro ụrọ nke mmanụ, yana ụkpụrụ na-egbochi ịdaba na usoro dị ka ndị a: 1. Mgbochi kemịkalụ: Ịchịkwa oke mmanụ-mmiri n'elu 80:20 iji belata mbuso agha mmiri n'ime nhazi, na-egbochi nke ọma nke ọma. ọzịza na ọdịda nke coal seams na nnukwu mmiri nwere mmetụta formations. 2. Plọgị anụ ahụ: Ịtinye ihe ndị na-ebu ibu dị ka ihe calcium tupu oge eruo n'ụdị adịghị ike iji kwalite ikike nrụgide ike ma gbochie nkwụsị nke ọma. 3. Nkwado igwe: Ịchịkwa njupụta n'elu 1.52g/cm³, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye njupụta na njedebe imewe nke 1.58g/cm³ na ngalaba wulite. Ndị na-ahụ maka ịdị arọ nke ụlọ ọrụ Youzhu na-emepụta nwere ike nweta mmetụta a chọrọ, na-eme ka ọ dị mma ma na-aga nke ọma nke ịkụ ala na mmecha nke ọma.