Abubuwan Aikace-aikacen Abubuwan Abubuwan Kemikal Oilfield

A shekarar 2022, yayin da ake fuskantar tasirin cutar ta COVID-19, Cibiyar Kula da Kammala Rijiyoyin Mai ta Arewa maso Yamma, ta kammala ayyuka 24, ciki har da na'urorin sarrafa rijiyoyin mai, da tsaftace bututun mai mai nauyi, tare da ceton kudin sayan Yuan miliyan 13.683.

Lokacin amfani da bututun mai, diamita na bututun yana ƙara kunkuntar saboda tasirin kakin zuma, polymers, da gishiri, yana rage kwararar ɗanyen mai tare da yin tasiri ga samar da ɗanyen mai. Don haka, kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai gabaɗaya suna tsaftace bututun sau ɗaya a shekara. Bayan da za a bi da weld seams na bututu gidajen abinci, shi wajibi ne don tsaftace bututu.

A cikin yanayi na gaba ɗaya, bututun ƙarfe da ake amfani da su azaman bututun mai suna da tsatsa a duka ciki da waje. Idan ba a tsaftace shi ba, wannan zai gurɓata mai na ruwa bayan amfani da shi, yana shafar aikin yau da kullum na na'urorin hydraulic. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don cire tsatsa a kan saman ciki na bututu ta hanyar wanke acid. Haka kuma wankin acid na iya cire tsatsa a saman saman bututun, wanda ke da fa'ida wajen shafa fenti na hana tsatsa a saman bututun, yana ba da kariya mai dorewa. Ana wanke Acid gabaɗaya ta amfani da maganin acid tare da maida hankali na 0% zuwa 15%. Kamfanin Youzhu, ta hanyar samar da samfuran hana lalata: UZ CI-180, babban zafin jiki mai jurewa mai hana acidizing mai hanawa don amfanin filin mai. A cikin tsari na acidizing ko pickling, acid zai lalata karfe, kuma a yanayin zafi mai zafi, ƙimar da kewayon lalata za su ƙaru sosai, sabili da haka, a cikin samar da albarkatun mai, rigakafin lalata na bututu mai zafi yana da mahimmanci. wanda ba wai kawai yana da alaƙa da fa'idodin amfani da albarkatun mai ba, har ma yana da alaƙa da amincin samarwa. Matsakaicin yashwar acid akan bututun da kayan aiki ya dogara da lokacin lamba, ƙaddamarwar acid da yanayin zafin jiki, da dai sauransu UZ CI-180 yana da kyakkyawan juriya mai zafi, kuma a yanayin zafi har zuwa 350 ° F (180 ° C), lalata Ana iya rage tasirin acid akan karfe a yanayin zafi mai zafi a ƙasan rijiyar ta ƙara UZ CI-180 zuwa cakuda acid. Youzhu ya sami babban karbuwa daga Cibiyar Kula da Filayen Mai na Arewa maso Yamma saboda ayyukanta na tsaftace bututu, sarrafa ruwan hakowa, da kula da kayan aiki.

Da yake kan titin Dong San a cikin birnin Dongying, rijiyar Fengye 1-10HF ita ce rijiyar shale ta farko a kwance da ke kwance ta hanyar shingen hawan hakowa na kwanaki 20, yana cika kwanaki 24 gabanin jadawalin. Yana daya daga cikin yankuna uku na nunin man shale na kasa da hukumar kula da makamashi ta kasa ta amince da shi, kuma yankin farko na zanga-zanga na kasa don samar da gurbataccen man shale mai a kasar Sin. Ta hanyar kammala rijiyar kwanaki 24 gabanin jadawalin, an ceto sama da yuan miliyan 10 cikin farashi.

Saboda kusancin da ke kusa da rijiyar da ke da nisan mil 400 kawai da kuma kusancin iyakar dutsen tsakuwa, Fengye 1-10HF ya fuskanci haɗarin kutsawa ruwa, ambaliya, da asarar ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, matsanancin zafi a ƙasan rijiyar ya haifar da ƙalubale ga kayan aiki daban-daban. Ƙungiyar aikin ta mayar da hankali kan goyon bayan fasahar injiniya da kuma magance mahimman batutuwan fasaha. A jere sun warware takura kamar wahalar tsinkayar tsinkaya mai ƙarfi iri-iri masu daɗi, iyakokin kayan aiki ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi da matsi, da wanzuwar asarar ruwa da kwararar ruwa.

Sun haɓaka kuma sun yi amfani da tsarin laka na roba don inganta ruwa. Daga cikin waɗannan, abubuwan haɓaka ruwa mai hakowa na yanzu TF FL WH-1 Cement Fluid-asarar Additives, wanda Youzhu ya haɓaka zai iya ƙirƙirar fim mai inganci a saman rijiyar shale, yana hana tacewar ruwa mai hakowa shiga cikin samuwar, TF FL WH- 1 da aka tsara don amfani a cikin rijiyoyin da kasa-rami circulating yanayin zafi (BHCTs) a cikin 60 ℉ (15.6 ℃) zuwa 400 ℉ (204 ℃).

TF FL WH-1 yana ba da ikon sarrafa asarar ruwa na API a ƙasa 36cc/30min yayin sarrafa ƙauran gas daga samuwar. Gabaɗaya 0.6% zuwa 2.0% BWOC ana buƙata a yawancin slurries. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani dashi a kashi na ƙasa da 0.8% BWOC don haka kare tafki da daidaita rijiyar. Wannan yadda ya kamata ya rufe ramukan shale da microfractures, yana hana tace ruwa mai hakowa daga mamayewa da rage watsa matsa lamba, yana haɓaka haɓakar hana ruwa mai hakowa.

Sakamakon aikace-aikacen filin ya nuna cewa babban aikin hakowa na tushen ruwa yana da matukar hanawa, yana ƙara saurin hakowa na inji, yana da ƙarfi a yanayin zafi mai yawa, yana kare tafki, kuma yana da alaƙa da muhalli.

A watan Fabrairun 2022, rijiyar Sinopec's Bazhong 1HF, wacce ke cikin tashar kogin Jurassic mai yashi da tafkin iskar gas, da sabbin dabaru ta ba da shawarar "karya, kishi, da kuma rufewa sosai" ra'ayin ƙira. An ɓullo da wannan hanya don magance halayen magudanan ruwa mai yawa na tashar kogin sandstone da manyan matsi na ƙirƙira. Ingantacciyar fasahar fasa fashewa, wacce ta hada da "yanke mai tsauri + toshe na wucin gadi da jujjuyawar + babban yashi mai ƙarfi + haɓaka mai na imbibition," yana haɓaka ƙarfin kwararar mai da iskar gas na ƙarƙashin ƙasa kuma ya kafa sabon ƙirar fracturing, yana ba da tunani don manyan- sikelin karyewar rijiyoyin kwance.

Matsakaicin asarar ruwa mai zafi mai zafi na Youzhuo, wakili mai hana rushewar zafin jiki, da nau'in yanayin zafi mai zafi a cikin ruwan karyewa sun shawo kan matsin lamba da ƙalubalen asarar ruwa da ke haifar da matsa lamba na pore, damuwa mai raɗaɗi, da ƙarfin dutse. Fasahar toshe gel ta musamman, wacce aka samo daga Jami’ar Man Fetur ta Kudu maso Yamma, tana ba wa gel ɗin na musamman damar daina kwarara ta atomatik bayan shigar da ramin asara, da cika karyewa da guraben da ba kowa ba, yana samar da “fulogin gel” wanda ke ware ruwan samuwar ciki daga ruwan rijiyar. Wannan fasaha tana da tasiri sosai don ɗigon ɗigo mai ƙarfi a cikin karaya, ɓoyayyiya, da faɗuwar fage tare da hasarar ruwa mai yawa da ƙaramin adadin dawowa.

A ranar 30 ga Mayu, 2023, da karfe 11:46 na safe, gidan mai na Tarim na kamfanin man kasar Sin (CNPC) ya fara aikin hako mai a rijiyar Shendi Teke 1, wanda ke nuna alamar fara tafiya don gano zurfin ilimin kasa da injiniya a zurfin da ya kai. 10,000 mita. Wannan shi ne wani lokaci mai tarihi na aikin injiniya mai zurfi na kasar Sin, wanda ke nuna babban ci gaba a fasahar binciken kasa mai zurfi ta kasar, da mafarin "zamanin mita 10,000" a fannin aikin hakar ma'adinai.

Rijiyar Shendi Teke 1 tana gundumar Shaya da ke lardin Aksu a jihar Xinjiang, a tsakiyar hamadar Taklamakan. Yana da wani gagarumin aikin "zurfin duniya" na CNPC a cikin Tarim Oilfield, kusa da Fuman ultra-deep mai da iskar gas yankin, wanda ke da zurfin mita 8,000 da kuma ajiyar tan biliyan daya. Rijiyar tana da zurfin zurfin mita 11,100 da kuma shirin hakowa da kammala aikin na kwanaki 457. A ranar 4 ga Maris, 2024, zurfin hako Shendi Teke 1 ya zarce mita 10,000, wanda ya zama na biyu a duniya kuma rijiyar Asiya ta farko a tsaye da ta zarce wannan zurfin. Wannan mataki na nuni da cewa, kasar Sin ta shawo kan kalubalen fasahohin da ke da nasaba da hakar rijiyoyi masu zurfin gaske.

Hakowa a zurfin mita 10,000 yana daya daga cikin mafi kalubale a fannin fasahar injiniyan man fetur da iskar gas, tare da matsaloli masu yawa na fasaha. Hakanan mahimmin alama ce ta fasahar injiniyan ƙasa da ƙarfin kayan aiki. Fuskantar matsanancin zafin jiki da yanayin matsin lamba, an sami ci gaba mai mahimmanci a cikin magudanar hakowa mai zafi, manyan injina masu jure zafin jiki, da fasahar hakowa ta hanya. Haka kuma an samu ci gaba a cikin kayan aikin samfoti da na USB, manyan motoci masu fashewa da karfin 175 MPa, da fashewar kayan ruwa, wadanda aka yi nasarar gwada su a wurin. Waɗannan ci gaban sun haifar da ƙirƙirar fasahohi masu mahimmanci da yawa don aminci da ingantaccen hakowa da kammala rijiyoyi masu zurfi.

A cikin tsarin aikin hakowa da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan aikin, an magance ƙayyadaddun yanayin zafi mai zafi, matsanancin yanayi tare da haɓakar haɓakar asarar ruwa mai mahimmanci da masu hana lalata da ke kula da kyawawan kaddarorin rheological a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi kuma suna da sauƙin daidaitawa da kiyayewa. Abubuwan da ke sarrafa yumbu kuma sun haɓaka ƙarfin dewatering barbashi na yumbu ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai tsananin zafi, haɓaka daidaitawa da kwanciyar hankali na hakowa.

Jimusar shale man shi ne yanki na farko na nunin man shale na kasar Sin, dake gabashin yankin Junggar. Tana da fadin kasa murabba'in kilomita 1,278 kuma tana da kiyasin tanadin albarkatu na tan biliyan 1.112. A cikin 2018, an fara babban ci gaban man Jimusar shale mai. A cikin rubu'in farko na yankin Xinjiang Jimusar na jihar Xinjiang ya samar da tan 315,000 na man shale, wanda ya kafa sabon tarihi. Yankin zanga-zangar na kara habaka rijiyoyin man da ake hakowa, tare da shirin kammala rijiyoyin hako mai guda 100 da kuma rijiyoyi 110 masu karyewa nan da shekarar 2024.

Man Shale, wanda yake man da ke makale da dutsen shale ko kuma a cikin tsautsayi, yana daya daga cikin mafi wahalar hakowa. Jihar Xinjiang tana da albarkatu mai tarin yawa tare da fatan samun ci gaba. Kasar Sin ta ayyana albarkatun mai a matsayin wani muhimmin yanki na maye gurbin mai a nan gaba. Wu Chengmei, injiniyan sakandare na cibiyar bincike kan yanayin kasa na yankin ayyukan rijiyoyin mai na Jiqing da ke yankin Xinjiang, ya bayyana cewa, ana binne man shale na Jimusar a karkashin kasa fiye da mita 3,800. Zurfin binnewa da ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarfi yana yin hakar a matsayin ƙalubale kamar fitar da mai daga dutsen whetstone.

Samar da albarkatun kasa na kasar Sin gaba daya yana fuskantar manyan kalubale guda hudu: na farko, man yana da nauyi sosai, wanda ke sa ya yi kasala; na biyu, wuraren daɗaɗɗen ƙanana ne kuma suna da wuyar tsinkaya; na uku, babban lãka abun ciki yana sa karyewar wahala; na hudu, rarraba ba daidai ba ne, yana dagula ayyukan. Wadannan abubuwan sun dade suna hana babban ci gaban da ake samu na man shale na kasa a kasar Sin. A cikin aikin, don magance karyewar ruwa mai gudana, ana amfani da sabon ƙari don rage gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa da sake sarrafa ruwan, maido da shi zuwa ruwa mai karye don sake amfani da shi. An gwada wannan hanyar akan rijiyoyi tara a cikin 2023 tare da kyakkyawan sakamako. Tun daga watan Yunin 2024, aikin yana shirin yin amfani da ruwan karyewar da aka sake ginawa a wani babban aiki na karyewa.

Babban tsari na aikin ya ƙunshi sassan kwal, launin toka da launin ruwan kasa sassa na laka, wanda shine nau'i-nau'i na ruwa. A cikin shingen mai na Jimusar shale, sashin budadden rami na rijiyar ta biyu yana da tsayi, kuma an tsawaita lokacin samuwar. Idan aka yi amfani da laka mai tushen ruwa, ana iya rugujewa da rashin zaman lafiya, amma ruwan hako mai na tushen ba ya haifar da tasirin ruwa. Ruwan hakowa na emulsion mai-cikin ruwa, lokacin da ya tsaya tsayin daka, shima baya haifar da tasirin hydration, don haka ruwan hako mai tushen mai baya haifar da matsi na kumburin hydration. Bincike ya haifar da aiwatar da tsarin laka mai tushen mai, tare da ka'idodin hana rushewa da matakan kamar haka: 1. Hana sinadarai: Sarrafa ma'aunin ruwan mai sama da 80:20 don rage mamaye lokacin ruwa a cikin samuwar, yadda ya kamata ya hana. kumburi da rugujewar kwal ɗin kwal da gyare-gyaren da ke da ruwa sosai. 2. Toshe jiki: Ƙara ma'auni masu nauyi kamar kayan calcium a gaba a cikin rarraunan tsari don haɓaka ƙarfin haɓakar haɓakawa da hana zubar da kyau. 3. Tallafin injina: Sarrafa ƙima sama da 1.52g/cm³, a hankali ƙara ƙira zuwa iyakar ƙira na 1.58g/cm³ a ​​cikin ɓangaren ginin. Ma'aunin nauyi da Kamfanin Youzhu ya samar zai iya cimma tasirin da ake so, yana tabbatar da ingantaccen aikin hakowa da kuma kammala aikin rijiyoyin lafiya.